We developed the Provisional Checklist of Vascular Plants of Alaska by collating specimen records from the University of Alaska Museum Herbaria (ALA), University of Alaska Anchorage Herbarium (UAAH), Consortium of Pacific Northwest Herbaria (CPNWH). The compiled specimen data provided a list of all names that have been applied in Alaska. Additional names for non-native plants and rare plants were incorporated from AKEPIC and the ACCS rare plants data portal, respectively. We then reconciled the initial list of names in the state to recently published reference works and peer-reviewed literature (listed below) to determine accepted names, misapplied names, and synonyms. In cases where the literature suggested that a taxon should not be considered to occur in Alaska and lacks a clear misapplication relationship to an accepted name, we removed the name from the list. Although order of priority for taxonomic sources varied by group, we generally gave priority to monographic work by taxonomic specialists and reference works. Citations are ordered alphabetically, rather than by priority, in the table below. Because further taxonomic research introduces new names and combinations and changes the known relationships between names, we anticipate conducting a semi-regular annual review of the Checklist to integrate new work. To view checklists of bryophytes, lichens, and lichenicolous fungi in addition to vascular plants, refer to the Checklist of Vascular Plants, Bryophytes, Lichens, and Lichenicolous Fungi of Alaska.
Please submit feedback, including technical corrections, on this website and the checklist, keys, and species descriptions provided here through the feedback form.
id | Citation |
---|---|
1 | Adhikari, B., and L.E. Wallace. 2014. Does the Platanthera dilatata (Orchidaceae) complex contain cryptic species or continuously variable populations? Plant Systematics and Evolution. 300:1465-1476. |
2 | AKEPIC. 2020. Alaska Exotic Plant Information Clearinghouse Non-native Species List. Alaska Center for Conservation Science, University of Alaska Anchorage. Anchorage, Alaska. Available: https://accs.uaa.alaska.edu/invasive-species/non-native-plant-species-list/ |
3 | Al-Shehbaz, I.A., and G.A. Mulligan. 2013. New or noteworthy species of Draba (Brassicaceae) from Canada and Alaska. Harvard Papers in Botany. 18:101-124. |
4 | Almeida, T.E., S. Hennequin, H. Schneider, A.R. Smith, J.A.N. Batista, A.J. Ramalho, K. Proite, and A. Salino. 2016. Towards a phylogenetic generic classification of Thelypteridaceae: Additional sampling suggests alterations of neotropical taxa and further study of paleotropical genera. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 94:688-700. |
5 | Bateman, R.M., K.E. James, Y.B. Luo, R.K. Lauri, T. Fulcher, P.J. Cribb, and M.W. Chase. 2009. Molecular phylogenetics and morphological reappraisal of the Platanthera clade (Orchidaceae: Orchidinae) prompts expansion of the generic limits of Galearis and Platanthera. Annals of Botany. 104:431-445. |
6 | Blaxland, K., H.E. Ballard, and T. Marcussen. 2018. Viola pluviae sp. nov. (Violaceae), a member of subsect. Stolonosae in the Pacific Northwest region of North America. Nordic Journal of Botany. 36:e01931. |
7 | Bräuchler, C., O. Ryding, and G. Heubl. 2008. The genus Micromeria (Lamiaceae), a synoptical update. Willdenowia. 38:363-410. |
8 | Broich, S.L. 2007. New combinations in North American Lathyrus and Vicia (Fabaceae: Faboideae: Fabeae). Madroño. 54:63-71. |
9 | Chambers, K.L., and S.C. Meyers. 2011. Nomenclatural changes for some taxa in the Oregon Flora. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas. 5:619-623. |
10 | Craven, L.A. 2011. Diplarche and Menziesia transferred to Rhododendron (Ericaceae). Blumea. 56:33-35. |
11 | Dauphin, B., D.R. Farrar, A. Maccagni, and J.R. Grant. 2017. A worldwide molecular phylogeny provides new insight on cryptic diversity within the moonworts (Botrychium s.s., Ophioglossaceae). Systematic Botany. 42:1-20. |
12 | Dillenberger, M.S., and J.W. Kadereit. 2014. Maximum polyphyly: Multiple origins and delimitation with plesiomorphic characters require a new circumscription of Minuartia (Caryophyllaceae). Taxon. 63:64-88. |
13 | Elven, R., D.F. Murray, V.Y. Razzhivin, and B.A. Jurtsev. 2011. Annotated Checklist of the Panarctic Flora Vascular Plants. Available: http://panarcticflora.org |
14 | Emadzade, K., C. Lehnebach, P. Lockhart, and E. Hörandl. 2010. A molecular phylogeny, morphology, and classification of genera of Ranunculeae (Ranunculaceae). Taxon. 59:809-828. |
15 | Farrar, D.R., and A.V. Gilman. 2017. Relationships in the Botrychium campestre (Ophioglossaceae) complex. Brittonia. 69:265-275. |
16 | FNA Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America North of Mexico. 16+ volumes. New York and Oxford. Available: https://floranorthamerica.org |
17 | Fuentes-Bazan, S., G. Mansion, and T. Borsch. 2012. Towards a species level tree of the globally diverse genus Chenopodium (Chenopodiaceae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 62:359-374. |
18 | Fuentes-Bazan, S., P. Uotila, and T. Borsch. 2012b. A novel phylogeny-based generic classification for Chenopodium sensu lato, and a tribal rearrangement of Chenopodioideae (Chenopodiaceae). Willdenowia. 42:5-24. |
19 | Fulkerson, J.R., M.L. Carlson, T.W. Nawrocki. 2020. Alaska Rare Plants Database. Alaska Center for Conservation Science, University of Alaska Anchorage. Anchorage, Alaska. Available: https://aknhp.uaa.alaska.edu/apps/rareplants/ |
20 | Gasper, A.L., V.A.O. Dittrich, A.R. Smith, and A. Salino. 2016. A classification for Blechnaceae (Polypodiales: Polypodiopsida): New genera, resurrected names, and combinations. Phytotaxa. 275:191-227. |
21 | German, D.A. 2005. Contribution to the taxonomy of Arabidopsis s.l. (Cruciferae): The status of Transberingia and two new combinations in Crucihimalaya. Turczaninowia. 8:5-15. |
22 | German, D.A. 2014. New synonyms and combinations in Eurasian Brassicaceae (Cruciferae). Phytotaxa. 173:31-40. |
23 | Gilman, A.V., and W.L. Testo. 2015. Use of gemma characters to identify North American Huperzia (Lycopodiaceae). American Fern Journal. 105:145-161. |
24 | Greuter, W., and E. von Raab-Straube. 2011. Euro+Med Notulae, 5. Willdenowia. 41:129-138. |
25 | Haines, A. 2003. The Families Huperziaceae and Lycopodiaceae of New England. A Taxonomic and Ecological Reference. V.F. Thomas Co. Southwest Harbor, Maine. |
26 | Hasenstab-Lehman, K.E., and M.G. Simpson. 2012. Cat's Eyes and Popcorn Flowers: Phylogenetic Systematics of the Genus Cryptantha s.l. (Boranginaceae). Systematic Botany. 37:738-757. |
27 | Hauk, W.D., C.R. Parks, and M.W. Chase. 2003. Phylogenetic studies of Ophioglossaceae: evidence from rbcL and trnL-F plastid DNA sequences and morphology. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 28:131-151. |
28 | Ickert-Bond, S.M., D.F. Murray, M.G. Oliver, H.K. Berrios, and C.O. Webb. 2019. The Claytonia arctica complex in Alaska— Analyzing a Beringian taxonomic puzzle using taxonomic concepts. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 104:478-494. |
29 | Kartesz, J.T. Botanist, Biota of North America Program, North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina. Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Personal communication. |
30 | Kartesz, J.T., and K.N. Gandhi. 1993. Osmorhiza berteroi (Apiaceae): the correct name for mountain sweet-cicely. Brittonia. 45:181-182. |
31 | Kurtto, A., and P. Uotila. 2019. New combinations in the vascular flora of Finland, in the genera Spinulum, Oxybasis and Potentilla. Memoranda Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica. 95:36-39. |
32 | Little, D.P., A.E. Schwarzbach, R.P. Adams, and C.F. Hsieh. 2004. The circumscription and phylogenetic relationships of Callitropsis and the newly described genus Xanthocyparis (Cupressaceae). American Journal of Botany. 91:1872-1881. |
33 | Lowry, D.B., J.M. Sobel, A.L. Angert, T.L. Ashman, R.L. Baker, B.K. Blackman, Y. Brandvain, K.J. Byers, A.M. Cooley, J.M. Coughlan, et al. 2019. The case for the continued use of the genus name Mimulus for all monkeyflowers. Taxon. 68:617-623. |
34 | Manns, U., and A.A. Anderberg. 2009. New combinations and names in Lysimachia (Myrsinaceae) for species of Anagallis, Pelletiera, and Trientalis. Willdenowia. 39:49-54. |
35 | Moore, A.J., and M.S. Dillenberger. 2017. A conspectus of the genus Cherleria (Minuartia s.l., Caryophyllaceae). Willdenowia. 47:5-14. |
36 | Mosyakin, S.L. 2013. New nomenclatural combinations in Blitum, Oxybasis, Chenopodiastrum, and Lipandra (Chenopodiaceae). Phytoneuron. 2013-56:1-8. |
37 | Mosyakin, S.L. 2016. Nomenclatural notes on North American taxa of Anemonastrum and Pulsatilla (Ranunculaceae), with comments on the circumscription of Anemone and related genera. Phytoneuron. 2016-79:1-12. |
38 | Murray, D.F. 2015. Notes on Eritrichium (Boraginaceae) in North America II. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas. 9:311-315. |
39 | Murray, D.F. 2017. Notes on Eritrichium (Boraginaceae) in North America III. Three new species of Eritrichium. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas. 11:19-23. |
40 | Murray, D.F., and R. Elven. 2015. Micranthes rufopilosa (Saxifragaceae) comb. nov.: an alpine species from Alaska and Yukon. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas. 9:7-10. |
41 | Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group. 2016. A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns. Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 54:563-603. |
42 | Reznicek, A.A. 2017. Key to Alaska Cyperaceae. University of Michigan Herbarium. Unpublished key. |
43 | Rolfsmeier, S.J. 2013. Taxonomy and phylogeny of the genus Lappula Moench (Boraginaceae) in North America. Ph.D. Dissertation. Kansas State University. Manhattan, Kansas. 188 pp. |
44 | Semple, J.C., Y. Ma, and L. Tong. 2016. On Solidago simplex (Asteraceae: Astereae): a multivariate study including S. glutinosa, S. leiocarpa, S. multiradiata, and S. spathulata. Phytoneuron. 2016-87:1-21. |
45 | Sennikov, A.N. 2011. Chamerion or Chamaenerion (Onagraceae)? The old story in new words. Taxon. 60:1485-1488. |
46 | Sharples, M.T., and E.A. Tripp. 2019. Phylogenetic Relationships Within and Delimitation of the Cosmopolitan Flowering Plant Genus Stellaria L. (Caryophyllaceae): Core Stars and Fallen Stars. Systematic Botany. 44:857-876. |
47 | Sheviak, C. 2010. Cypripedium parviflorum in the Northwest, with the description of a new variety. The Native Orchid Conference Journal. 7:1-15. |
48 | Smith, A.R., and R.B. Cranfill. 2002. Intrafamilial relationships of the Thelypteroid ferns (Thelypteridaceae). American Fern Journal. 92:131-149. |
49 | Soreng, R.J., P.M. Peterson, G. Davidse, E.J. Judziewicz, F.O. Zuloaga, T.S. Filgueiras, and O. Morrone. 2003. Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium. 48:1-730. |
50 | Stensvold, M.C., and D.R. Farrar. 2017. Genetic diversity in the worldwide Botrychium lunaria (Ophioglossaceae) complex, with new species and new combinations. Brittonia. 69:148-175. |
51 | Stensvold, M.C., D.R. Farrar, and C. Johnson-Groh. 2002. Two new species of moonworts (Botrychium subg. Botrychium) from Alaska. American Fern Journal. 92:150-160. |
52 | Sylvester, S.P., P.M. Peterson, K. Romaschenko, W.J. Bravo-Pedraza, L.E. Cuta-Alarcon, and R.J. Soreng. 2020. New combinations and updated descriptions in Podagrostis (Agrostidinae, Poaceae) from the Neotropics and Mexico. PhytoKeys. 148:21-50. |
53 | Testo, W., A. Haines, and A.V. Gilman. 2016. Huperzia continentalis (Lycopodiaceae), a new species of gemmiferous firmoss separated from Huperzia haleakalea. Systematic Botany. 41:894-901. |
54 | Wagner, W.H., and J.R. Grant. 2002. Botrychium alaskense, a new moonwort from the interior of Alaska. American Fern Journal. 92:164-170. |
55 | Waterway, M.J., et Global Carex Group. 2015. Making Carex monophyletic (Cyperaceae, tribe Cariceae): a new broader circumscription. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 179:1-42. |
56 | Wefferling, K.M., and S.B. Hoot. 2017. Species circumscription of the Caltha leptosepala polyploid complex (Ranunculaceae) based on molecular and morphological data. Phytotaxa. 316:201-223. |
57 | Wiegleb, G., A.A. Bobrov, and J. Zalewska-Galosz. 2017. A taxonomic account of Ranunculus section Batrachium (Ranunculaceae). Phytotaxa. 319:1-55. |
58 | Zarrei, M., P. Wilkin, M.J. Ingrouille, and M.W. Chase. 2011. A revised infrageneric classification for Gagea Salisb. (Tulipeae; Liliaceae): insights from DNA sequence and morphological data. Phytotaxa. 15:44-56. |
59 | Zika, P.F., and G.C. Tucker. 2017. Variation in Linnaea borealis across North America and Greenland. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas. 11:67-79. |